Zazzaɓin Ajiya na Alurar COVID-19: Me yasa ULT Freezer?

A ranar 8 ga Disamba, Burtaniya ta zama kasa ta farko a duniya da ta fara yiwa 'yan kasar allurar rigakafin cutar COVID-19 da Pfizer ta amince da shi.A ranar 10 ga Disamba, Hukumar Kula da Abinci da Magunguna (FDA) za ta hadu don tattauna ba da izinin gaggawa na wannan rigakafin.Nan ba da jimawa ba, ƙasashe a duniya za su yi koyi da su, suna ɗaukar matakan da suka dace don isar da miliyoyin waɗannan ƙananan gilasai ga jama'a cikin aminci.

Tsayar da madaidaicin yanayin zafi na ƙasa da sifili da ake buƙata don kiyaye amincin maganin zai zama babban dabaru ga masu rarraba rigakafin.Sannan, da zarar alluran rigakafin da aka daɗe ana jira a ƙarshe sun isa kantin magani da asibitoci, dole ne a ci gaba da adana su a cikin yanayin zafi mara nauyi.

Me yasa allurar COVID-19 ke buƙatar matsanancin zafi?

Ba kamar maganin mura ba, wanda ke buƙatar ajiya a digiri 5 Celsius, Pfizer's COVID-19 rigakafin yana buƙatar ajiya a -70 digiri Celsius.Wannan ƙananan zafin jiki bai wuce digiri 30 ba fiye da yanayin sanyi da aka rubuta a Antarctica.Ko da yake ba sanyi sosai ba, har yanzu maganin na Moderna yana buƙatar ƙasa da yanayin zafi na -20 digiri Celsius, don kiyaye ƙarfinsa.

Don cikakken fahimtar buƙatar yanayin sanyi, bari mu bincika abubuwan da ke tattare da rigakafin da kuma yadda waɗannan sabbin alluran rigakafin ke aiki daidai.

mRNA Technology

Maganganu na yau da kullun, kamar mura na yanayi, ya zuwa yau sun yi amfani da ƙwayar cuta mai rauni ko mara aiki don tada martanin rigakafi a cikin jiki.Alurar rigakafin COVID-19 da Pfizer da Moderna suka samar suna amfani da messenger RNA, ko mRNA a takaice.mRNA yana juya ƙwayoyin ɗan adam zuwa masana'antu, yana ba su damar ƙirƙirar takamaiman furotin na coronavirus.Protein yana haifar da amsawar rigakafi a cikin jiki, kamar dai akwai ainihin kamuwa da cutar coronavirus.A nan gaba, idan mutum ya kamu da cutar coronavirus, tsarin rigakafi zai iya yaƙar ta cikin sauƙi.

Fasahar rigakafin mRNA sabuwa ce kuma maganin COVID-19 zai zama irinsa na farko da FDA ta amince da shi.

Rashin ƙarfi na mRNA

Kwayoyin mRNA na musamman mai rauni ne.Ba ya ɗaukar yawa don sa ta wargaje.Fuskantar yanayin zafi mara kyau ko enzymes na iya lalata kwayoyin halitta.Don kare rigakafin daga enzymes a jikinmu, Pfizer ya nannade mRNA a cikin kumfa mai mai da aka yi da nanoparticles na lipid.Ko da tare da kumfa mai kariya, mRNA na iya raguwa da sauri.Ajiye maganin a yanayin zafi ƙasa da sifili yana hana wannan rugujewar, kiyaye amincin maganin.

Zaɓuɓɓuka uku don Adana Alurar rigakafin COVID-19

A cewar Pfizer, masu rarraba alluran rigakafin suna da zaɓuɓɓuka guda uku idan aka zo batun adana rigakafin su na COVID-19.Masu rarrabawa za su iya amfani da injin daskarewa na ULT, amfani da masu jigilar kayan zafi don ajiya na wucin gadi har zuwa kwanaki 30 (dole ne a cika busasshen ƙanƙara kowane kwana biyar), ko adana a cikin firij na rigakafi na kwanaki biyar.Kamfanin kera magunguna ya tura masu jigilar kayan zafi suna amfani da busasshen ƙanƙara da na'urori masu auna zafi na GPS don gujewa balaguron zafin jiki yayin kan hanyar zuwa wurin amfani (POU).